What are the by products of extraction of iron?

What are the by products of extraction of iron?

Extracting iron

• Iron(III) oxide + carbon → iron + carbon dioxide.
• In the blast furnace, it is so hot that carbon monoxide can be used, in place of carbon, to reduce the iron(III) oxide:
• iron(III) oxide + carbon monoxide → iron + carbon dioxide.

Which pollutants are released by steel industry?

Steel plants emit air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2. 5 and PM10), carbon dioxide, sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, etc.

What is the main impurity in iron extraction?

Impurities in the iron from the Blast Furnace include carbon, sulphur, phosphorus and silicon. These have to be removed. Sulphur has to be removed first in a separate process. Magnesium powder is blown through the molten iron and the sulphur reacts with it to form magnesium sulphide.

Which of the following are the steps involved in extraction of iron?

Here are the equations for the reaction.

• Step 1 – Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace.
• Step 2 – More coke is added to the furnace and reduces the carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, a good reducing agent.
• Step 3 – iron(III) oxide is reduced.

How is pig iron made into steel?

Iron ore, coking coal, and limestone are added into the top of the blast furnace while heated air is blown into the bottom of the furnace to drive the combustion process. The combustion of iron ore with other materials in the blast furnace produces molten pig iron, which is then converted to steel.

Is iron and steel industry polluting?

The steel industry releases large amounts of pollutants into the air during all its processes—be it while handling raw material, producing iron and steel or disposing of solid waste. The main pollutants are particulate matter, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen and carbon monoxide.

Which is the major impurity in iron ore?

Pig Iron is an intermediate product of the iron industry which is also known as the crude iron ,which is obtained by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. The major impurity that is present in pig iron is graphite which is an allotrope of carbon.

What conditions are needed for iron to make mild steel?

To make steel, iron ore is heated and melted in furnaces where the impurities are removed and carbon added. Today, most steel is made using one of two processes: Blast Furnace. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)

How does the extraction of iron affect the environment?

Impacts on the environment due to the extraction of iron from haematite does not only start during the extraction of iron from the ore – it starts when the raw materials are being mined and transported. The following are problems which arise from these processes: From mining and transporting of raw materials. – Air pollution.

How is pollution controlled in the iron and steel industry?

The polluting emissions in the iron and steel industry are controlled by a variety of evacuation systems, devices, and methods such as cyclone cleaners, dry or wet electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers, bag houses, hoods, funrace enclosures; chemical, catalytic and biological methods.

Which is the most important air pollutant in steel?

Likewise, every tonne of steel produced gives about 20 tonnes of liquid wastes, 5 tonnes of waste gases and 1 ton of solid wastes. Primary pollutants in waste gases are iron oxide, dust and oxides of sulphur, carbon etc. of these, dust is by far the most important air pollutant in the industry.

What causes fumes in iron and steel industry?

Large quantities of fumes may be created due to high temperatures in high intensity oxygen steel refining processes or in electric arc furnaces. The size of dusts and fumes vary depending on the source of emission.